The Puppy, The Four-Year Old, and the Maasai

Creativity and inventiveness are all around you. Do you see it when you see it?

When your four-year old daughter grabs a cooking pan and proudly marches around the house with her beautiful ‘new hat’.

When a Labrador puppy finds the leg of a chair to ease the discomfort of his new teeth.

When you see a Maasai in Northern Tanzania cut a piece of bark off a tree, put it in a cup of hot water and add milk to present it as tea.

Do you see creativity and inventiveness when you see it?

We can debate whether this is true creativity, and lets not even start the discussion on innovation and how it differentiates from creativity. Yes, we can debate how creative the toddler, puppy, and Maasai really are in these examples, since you might not perceive them to fit the two measures of creativity: novel and useful/adaptive. Although they are novel (for some of us at least, so that too is debatable), you might not find these concepts or actions equally useful or adaptive.

Whether you call these examples creativity or not, they illustrate how you can perceive things in an un-habitual way which, I think, is the most crucial ingredient for thinking creatively. Which, in turn, I believe to be the best possible way to use your brain and to see the world and which I believe to be in service of collaboration, understanding, problem-solving, and healthy living.

To me, the above examples are lessons in something that most of us have a long ways to go in: further developing your ability to seek inspiration and information in unusual places and to absorb that information in a nonjudgmental way, free from preconceived notions of what something is or what it should be, what it should be used for, and how valuable it ‘is’.

My suggestion? Absorb and look at people, events, and objects from every possible position and perspective. Look at a situation with the eyes and thinking style of the person least like you. Look at an object, imagine what ‘crazy’ application it could be used for or what unlikely idea or object you can possible connect it to, in order to create something new and different. In other words, regress back to childhood and play drums with a household item in order to get this brilliant idea on how to design a certain medical tool.

I am not an expert in creativity and don’t aspire to be one. I can hardly believe I’m writing a blog post on creativity. What prompted me is the shocking observation, day after day, of how often you, I, and so many people around me disregard an idea, an old item, a theory, or a person. Because it’s crazy. Because it’s stupid. Because it’s never been this way. How often do you and I start a sentence with “That is weird…”, “That won’t work…” or the equivalent thereof? Too often. So it’s not just about leveraging your creative abilities. It’s about finding more ways to collaborate and it’s about exploring different ways to better understand each other’s perspective.  

What’s keeping you from becoming more creative, more collaborative, more understanding? It’s likely one or more of the following.

- It’s mistaken beliefs

You are either born creative, like an artist, or you are not.

We don’t have time for the luxury of creativity in these difficult times!

- It’s seeing things with the same eyes, over, and over, and over again.

As Marcel Proust pointed out: “The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes but in having new eyes.” When you're creative you combine input from a variety of and often unlikely sources, to find the solution to a unique problem.

- It’s an overactive judgment center in your brain: That’s not right. This is stupid. Don’t make a fool out of yourself. It’s been tried before and doesn’t work… What I call road blocks and a fear of appearing foolish, being wrong, having to amend your view.

- It’s complacency and laziness: We stop rethinking, reconsidering, or dreaming ‘weird’ and big way too quickly (if we ever embarked on this journey at all.)

- It’s a culture of punishing risks and failures, without the learning aspect.  

- It’s asking the wrong questions, as Kenichi Ohmae, Peter Block and many others have pointed out repeatedly. What is blocking you?

A Maasai Take on Candor?

Candor and directness play a central role in my life and in my work with businesses. Call me too impatient to tolerate beating around the bush and delaying the inevitable – there’s certainly some truth to that. There is more, however.  It is my strong belief that numerous misunderstandings, mistakes, and conflicts can be prevented if only you and I were clear, direct, and candid in our conversations. This, of course, starts with being candid with yourself instead of being seduced by the often attractive trap of self-deception, immediately followed by a solid foundation of respect and trust. When all this is in order, an honest ‘say-it-straight’ approach increases transparency and improves communication, collaboration, and effectiveness in the workplace and anywhere else? Or does it?  

For anyone who has heard one of my recent presentations in the Twin Cities or who has received leadership or other coaching from me, you know how I operate. I leave no question unasked and no observation un-shared just because it might hurt the person’s feelings or because ‘it’s not-done here’.

Please keep the above in mind while I take you 17 flight hours and about 8.250 miles from Minneapolis to Northern Tanzania. 

After an adventurous road trip from Nairobi to Arusha, a few days in this 516.000 people city, and a most spectacular 9-day tent safari in five different parks, we were ending our vacation in a Maasai village. Not one of those settlements that you see along the road, where cars with tourists stop for an hour to see a dance and buy handmade bracelets. This can be fun I’m sure, but I had arranged a real introduction to Maasai living. So our safari guide Rafael dropped us off along the main ‘road’ and handed us to someone called Ole. All we knew beforehand is that he is the doctor of his village and responsible for 47 additional ‘hospitals’ in an area the size of our home country The Netherlands. Oh, and one more thing, I was warned by the Dutch team planning our trip and this Maasai visit: “Be careful not to express discontent because the Maasai take this personal and wonder what went wrong.” We were surprised, discussed this with our three children (ages 13-16) and were good to go.

Within ten minutes into our ride from the main road to this remote village, the friendly and freely talking Ole, who later turned out to be our host and ‘guide’ for the two days, asked us to comply with a request. While navigating a sandy, stony path Ole said, with a serious look on his otherwise friendly face: “If you see or hear something that you like, please tell me. If you see or hear something that you don’t like, don’t tell me. Can you do that for me?” I am sure you can imagine the ‘unusuality’ of this request and the forces pulling on my natural response-style (keep in mind: psychologist, well-traveled, curious, candid, direct …). So I tamed my urge to fire a dozen questions and to enquire about the ‘why’ of the request and heard myself agree. Can you believe it?

Our two day stay at this Maasai village, without any tourist shows and without the otherwise so persistent pleas to buy their jewelry, were the most impactful of our trip, for me at least. Not the most spectacular, because it’s immensely hard to beat a group of ten lions passing your car with three cubs playing 4 feet away from you and the whole group hanging around for fifteen minutes. It’s pretty tough to beat numerous close encounters with elephants, giraffes, different kinds of monkeys and deer, exotic and strange looking birds, agama lizards, hyena’s, and wildebeests. Or zebras, baboons and buffalos passing our tents…. Yes, it was overwhelmingly spectacular and I am tempted to share all we’ve learned about Tanzania’s history, the amazing wildlife, it’s people, economy, values, customs, and struggles. I will resist that temptation and stick to the topic of candor and the Maasai. And I can be brief and tell you, that we understand so little of each other’s worlds, values, and ways of believing, thinking and communicating. So in all honesty, I can’t tell you to what extent and in what way the Maasai appreciate candor and directness or how they would define it, if the concept of candor exists at all.

On the surface it seems that candor isn’t much appreciated, but we really don’t know. Simply because we don’t exactly know how to interpret many of the interactions and responses that we experienced. I do know that our relationship with Ole grew deeper and stronger with every meal we spent together, and during our 5am walk to two villages in the pitch dark through brush lands and hills, open to all the wildlife that surrounds Ole’s territority. I quickly learned that I increased my chances of getting an immediate response to my question if I asked ‘permission’ to ask a question. I learned that repeatedly verbalizing our gratitude (which we of course felt deeply) for all his time spent with us, for taking us on his ‘working morning’ and for all the information he shared with us seemed greatly appreciated. It deepened our conversations and gradually made them more two-way. I learned that all the laughing that took place between Ole and village elders upon him translating our answers to his questions, could have so many different meanings. Yes, it felt unfriendly and even insulting at first, but what do we know? Little. Very little. And it goes beyond western ‘knowing’ of course.

We do know that the Maasai that we met, loved to laugh. What we don’t know is the function of laughing in Maasai culture. Could it be to show respect towards us? Might it be a demonstration of hierarchy and leadership? Is it possible that we witnessed a candid sign of surprise about the content of our responses? There are of course so many more possible theories. Belief me, we (or should I say ‘I’) asked as many questions about drives, values and customs as seemed appropriate and some provided a response to these questions. It still left us with more questions than answers, how beautiful is that?

Ole regularly verbalized black-and-white and what we consider negative notions of customs of  ‘you Mzungos’ (white people). Without knowing how to interpret literal words and without knowing his sources, how should we read this? We learned that the Maasai view men and women very differently than most of us do, and that they are treated very differently. To us it felt as if Ole’s preconceived notions about ‘the West’ were accepted criticism while we were asked not to criticize nor show discontent. But were we reading this correctly, and what is ‘correct’ anyway? From whose perspective?

Something I really do know is that we were fortunate to be invited into the Maasai world – their world, to stay for two days. We got the impression that not all visits by Mzungos had been positive experiences for the Maasai, and that Ole now only accepted visitors through our guy. We learned we were the third party in eight months to visit Ole’s village, and the first one with children. I wouldn’t be surprised if western directness (which is generally less than my directness) might have been much too direct, too quick, too judgmental, and too much of a “we know better what’s best for you so let us help you (i.e. tell you)” – mentality.

In short, there was so much to this visit and to all the conversations with Ole. There was so much to all the walking, visiting the hospital and school, throwing ball with the children and to all the customs such as tea drinking in the cow pen just after daybreak. So much more than we can understand and grasp let alone interpret ‘the right way’. I can easily state that this is one of the biggest experiential lessons in my life and that there is a whole new meaning to not judging a Maasai until you’ve really walked their shoes (which we of course haven’t).

Things aren’t always what they seem. They often are not. Maybe we were asked not to criticize while being criticized by our host and his leaders, or were they merely showing their interest and were they honestly telling us what they know of us Mzungos? One such example: “I hear you Mzungos watch TV for four hours a day and don’t have family meals anymore…” Knowing that our family spent three years without a TV when our children were 7, 10 and 10 and that we highly value family time at the dinner table with stories and home made meals, this one was difficult to digest and, of course, I gave Ole our version of TV and the social function of meals. Either way, without knowing the unwritten rules when conversing with such a high-placed Maasai leader, without knowing the exact etiquette as a guest to the Maasai, without knowing whether ‘you Mzungos’ really refers to all us Westerners, without knowing how long ‘establishing trust’ takes and what it exactly entails in this culture, it is hard to really say anything about the role of candor in Maasai culture, and about how to interpret some of the unexpected and unusual responses and encounters we experienced. What I do know is that we often mistakenly think that we know how to read and interpret people, I do know that we always have so much to learn, listen, and wonder (in a non-judgmental way, please), wherever we go, with whomever we converse. And I do know that my family and I greatly appreciate Ole’s hospitality, his precious time and the valuable ‘food for thought’ he provided us with.